Support from readers like you keeps The Journal open.
You are visiting us because we have something you value. Independent, unbiased news that tells the truth. Advertising revenue goes some way to support our mission, but this year it has not been enough.
If you've seen value in our reporting, please contribute what you can, so we can continue to produce accurate and meaningful journalism. For everyone who needs it.
AS FEARS over the debt markets continue to completely unnerve stock markets – and wipe billions off the value of exchanges around the world – I thought it might be a good time to look back at the start of the crisis here in Ireland, and see how successful certain measures have been.
The ever-widening contagious spread of the debt crisis is paying no respect to reputation or history. After hurriedly pushing through a bill to raise the debt ceiling in the US, Barack Obama was – within the same week – facing a downgrading of US sovereign debt, the first time that this has happened since 1917. Clearly no country is immune.
Faltering markets around the world have been showing complete disregard for political assurances that matters are under control. Belief and confidence are in very short supply. Shortly after President Obama’s address to the public on Tuesday, the Dow Jones closed down 2.19 per cent.
On Thursday it fell a further 500 points, and on Friday it was faring only marginally better – a sure sign that the contagious effect of the oversupply of credit in the marketplace, which was probably first noted in Ireland, has still not run its course.
When a stampede starts, I’d prefer to be in the front rather than at the rear of the devastation. Being first to the party, I hope means that we will be first to the recovery. But looking back at events from the past week, and at how attempts to resolve the crisis in Ireland have faltered, still suggests that, like cancer, nobody has found the right cure yet.
But are we edging closer? There are lots of differences of opinion out there, but it is time to grab the bull by the horns.
NAMA has been a dismal failure… so far
At its inception, NAMA was tasked to repair Ireland’s financial system. There is absolutely no doubt that it has failed dismally.
Banks are not lending. When banks don’t lend there is no economic growth and subsequently no recovery.
Advertisement
There was little or no other option than NAMA at the time: £32 billion worth of deposits were removed from Irish banks in the first six months of the crisis. Had any of the Irish banks been solvent at the time and adequately capitalised, they would have been able to control their own destiny. Unfortunately, they were not and true market forces were not allowed to run their course.
NAMA was a necessary evil.
I don’t think it was a particularly well0thought-out plan, but it did what a lot of governments and banks have been very good at doing: buying a bit of time. Early criticism suggested that NAMA was propping up the property developers, but as we have witnessed more recently, it is still evolving and starting to bare its teeth. Relationships with many developers have soured quite drastically in recent months and there is a lot of antagonism.
My opinion is that NAMA was shocked by the magnitude of the loan book it were taking on, and was bereft of ideas of how to work a way through it. It played along with the developers in the initial stages, to see which of the best it could work with, and ascertain just how bad some of the portfolios were. Now the time has come to jettison those that it is unable to work with and recoup whatever monies it can.
Here for the long haul
NAMA will be the dominant force in the Irish property market for many years to come. It has acquired over €72 billion worth of loans from 850 property developers at an average write-down of 58 per cent. Forcing those properties onto the market all at one time is in nobody’s best interests. NAMA is clearly looking to justify itself at the moment and ensure that they reach their objectives whilst also appreciating that a lot of land and property will need to be written down further.
In attempting to justify itself, I do believe that NAMA’s latest proposals rate amongst the better attempts that I have seen to arrest the property decline. As someone who spent three years trying to pick the bottom of the decline of the Nikkei 225 index (and failing miserably), I appreciate the risk involved and that it is a dangerous game – but it has to start, and start soon, if we are to see an end to these current difficulties.
The process referred to as ‘vendor’ or ‘stapled’ finance (where NAMA would lend to potential buyers if they are able to put up 25-30 per cent of the purchase price) is a good idea. It is quite simply a way of recycling existing debt, passing it on to less risky borrowers, and achieving a significant upfront payment. This would improve NAMA’s own cash position and allow it to lend further, while also repaying the government.
It is not without its downsides, but the upside is potentially enormous. It would start to remove some of the overhang on the property market that is keeping prices deflated, and it will take the pressure off the banks to lend and provide impetus to the ailing economy.
I, for one, think that NAMA should be given its chance.
Readers like you are keeping these stories free for everyone...
A mix of advertising and supporting contributions helps keep paywalls away from valuable information like this article.
Over 5,000 readers like you have already stepped up and support us with a monthly payment or a once-off donation.
So Luas drivers were looking for more than double a teachers salary. Well i suppose the 6 week training course in how to press GO and STOP is probably twice as difficult as the 4 to 6 years it takes to qualify as a teacher up to post graduate level. Fair play.
Ye and then we’ll give pay rises to bus drivers and then dart drivers and then Gardai will want a pay rise and then nurse will follow suit. Once they’ve all had a pay rise we will all watch out taxes rise. Fair play.
Had the teacher unions shown the same determination as the Luas workers in their industrial action then their wages would be significantly higher. Instead the teacher unions rolled over and allowed the wages and conditions of new entrants to be slashed in order to protect the current members. It was a betrayal of the basic principles of solidarity and equality. Obedience and compliance is a recipe for exploitation. Solidarity and protest works.
Our impotent unions are largely the result of the sellout of most of the union leadership sold out long ago under social partnership. Jack O Connor, Shay Coady etc are long bought and paid for and have held their unions largely inactive on the sidelines as the nation has been ransacked for 8 years (including Lansdowne and Haddington Rd etc) to pay for the failure of speculative financial capitalism. We’ve all suffered the consequences of that betrayal and will do so for generations.
When are we going to have system where by substandard teachers are routed out and gotten rid of? Wasn’t that’s supposed to happen years ago but the teachers wanted the pay rises and not the work supervision.
@Billy Mooney: Give up Billy, do you want everyone to all get a pay rise, all it will do is keep everyone at the same levels but make the country extremely un competitive.
When are we going to root out the substandard corporate and political establishment who have bankrupted the country and imposed 8 years of vicious austerity on the mass of ordinary people?
Billy – there is an opportunity to remove the underperforming political establishment every four years or so, but there is no opportunity to remove underperforming teachers. There is no negative to removing underperforming teachers from the education system, none.
Eh.. When we stop voting numpties into our parliament based on who their parents were or because they “fixed the road” or “got traffic lights outside the school” We can’t root anyone out: vote them out!!
Of course he doesn’t Jayo! Because that would involve identifying people as individuals and the left hate doing that because it shows up our country for what it is.
The largest depository of non contribution scroungers in all of Europe. Paying teachers 32K plus grinds, after school clubs (tax free), to work 6 hour days with 1/4 of the year off!… And at the same time sending out young Gardaí to deal with the scam of the earth for 22K. The left demonstrates it’s bias as they hate the very Gardaí who try their hardest to stop the scam implementing a complete takeover of our streets.
The lefts mission is to keep the poor man poor as he will then keep voting left wing. Once he starts to do well as make a few bob he will realise the cost of keeping his former lifestyle as it will hit his pocket and he won’t vote left anymore…. But keep him poor and he’ll always vote left
Except that the €31,800 is paid over 12 months, not 9. So it’s not the same as someone on €42,000 at all.
Also, there is no such thing as a graduate teacher. You’re either a fully qualified teacher or you’re not. Teachers do a number of unpaid placements in schools before they’re qualified so no paid teacher goes in front of a class without experience.
But you can’t have it both ways! You tell a teacher they get paid for the summer they’ll tell you they get paid for 9 months work but averaged through the summer. So his point is correct. If a teacher worked for a year they would be paid 42000
The problem in society is most people think others are overpaid for what they do. These same people think they themselves, are underpaid for what they do.
Irish society. It’s only when you move to another country that people actually understand, appreciate and are advocate fair wages paid to difficult professions compared to Ireland where people moan, gripe and are bitter and would prefer guards/teachers etc to barely scrape the poverty line.
I’m glad to see the newer teachers get this restoration, but if I remember correctly their colleagues in the staff room were given a choice a number of years ago: take a pay cut like pretty much everyone else in the public sector, or pull the ladder up on the newer entrants.
Solidarity me arse, they chose themselves over the ones coming after them, took early retirement, and then stuck it to newly qualified teachers yet again by hoovering up relief posts to supplement their pensions.
Thereby denying the newly qualified teachers the on the job training they’d need in order to secure permanent employment!!!
Flush out the old brigade, get new blood into the school system, kick the church off the boards of all national schools and let the newer teachers dictate a revised syllabus +/ exam regime over a course of 5 years.
Brian.
@Eamonn O’Riain: You remember incorrectly. Teachers voted to take on extra work, lose supervision payments, increase supervision hours from 37 to 43, do stupid Croke Park hours so core pay wasn’t cut. It was agreed THEN the government cut the pay for new teachers. Their wording was something along the line of “serving teachers will no lose core pay” It was a slight of hand trick from government.
The Croke Park agreement never mentioned cuts to new entrants. This was a choice made by the government which the majority of teachers would never have voted for. Please get your facts correct!
What happens to the pay of teachers who have worked for the last two years, who started on 28,100? Who are now on the same pay as workers who start tomorrow?
what about the teacher who got paid more fifteen years ago? pay scales and rates change. you can’t be back paying everyone all the time. great that newly qualified teaches will start out on a reasonable salary. I’m sure the teachers who started two years ago will have their own increments too.
Good performing Teachers should be the best paid people in the Public Sector, we entrust our children to them and the future of our country. In my humble opinion they should earn twice that.. but link it to performance & results.. bigger salaries would attract more teachers into the profession, leading to better schools and smaller classes… And no , I am NOT a teacher.
The lefties don’t like elitism in schools, so the privately funded schools, heavily subsidised by parents, are being wiped out to cater to the lowest common denominator.
Linking teachers’ salaries to results is a tricky one. What results do you use? Standardised tests, in-house tests, Junior Cert, Leaving Cert? They all have their flaws. Do students’ results in these tests always reflect the quality of work or commitment of the teacher? How do you account for teachers in special education, home liaison etc?
@Patrick Ramseyer: Linking pay to “performance” has been a disaster anywhere it has been tried as it’s extremely difficult to objectively assess a performance. Inevitably they judge it based on the outcomes of their classes but that’s utter nonsense there is huge variance between schools, areas and even years.
@Patrick Ramseyer: We know your not a teacher, because no teacher would agree to any assessment of their `performance and results`, like you suggest, LOL!
Haha, so a teacher teaching children from a wealthy, educated and caring background who has lots of support from parents should get paid a lot more than the teacher who works twice as hard to teach children from disadvantaged broken homes…with little or no home support. Ha now how does that make sense?
because you can weight performance results based on historical results in both subject matter , drumcondra results and parental responses. I’m aware that it’s not going to happen, and if it did it would be along the same lines as the civil servant “everyone gets 10/10″ system. It doesn’t stop us from thinking about how to implement it, even if it will be stymied by the profession it is supposed to improve.
Performance related pay is not a new thing. It was common practice in Ireland 130 years ago. Unfortunately it led to teachers only teaching to the test and focusing on the 3Rs…Reading wRiting and aRithmetic…this destroyed a holistic and well balanced education system and was abandoned. Have a look at the UK education system currently slipping down international educational league tables, where 80% of teachers the majority marked as Good or Outstanding quit teaching within 10 years and their literacy and numeracy scores are lower than ours and slipping…THEY HAVE PERFORMANCE RELATED PAY…no Alien8 I guess you know best you old rambelling fool.
Best point yet.The private sector don’t pay everyone the same.They pay the best more.To motivate them.Teachers become disillusioned when they see no reason to work harder.And teachers are charges with motivating students.Pay the man United manager peanuts and keep him on the same money for years and then cut his pay,they then win the league a few times in a row.His pay stays the same.Then he would get disillusioned and become demotivated.
I’m sorry eoin but in post primary at senior level,I don’t devote lots of my time to teaching “not” for the exam.Its unfortunate but I work for my students and they have college in their sights.
True Barry…I had actually forgotten about secondary school. I was stuck in a primary school bubble!! :-) Tis unfortunate but at the same time I think heaping all that pressure on 7 or 12 year olds who need to perform well in tests so a teachers wage will increase is grossly unfair…as it would be for secondary students who have to deal with a LOT more than just academic pressure!
@Patrick Ramseyer: How about taking into account parents’ comments or complaints about teachers? A teacher can basically do what he or she wants, and is not accountable to anyone. At primary school level, I don’t think that academic performance is as important as making sure that children feel valued and safe. Dealing with a child who goes dreads going to school every day because a teacher shouts and demeans children is a real issue for many parents. Personally, a grade on a page means nothing when my child is not happy. And we don’t entrust our children to teachers because we respect and admire teachers. We do so because it is the law.
@ricky bobby: Well as always, lots of teachers here when an article like this comes up, the last time I posted here I have to say, thanks to a teacher that “came clean” admitted he got 48 Euro per hour on a 2 year casual secondary appointment. I also can reveal a New teacher starting out receives 38 Euro per hour ( that is before the rate increase announced today ) and a vice principal of a secondary 90 Euro per hour. Not bad, not bad at all.
Can the teachers here stop spinning stories. The minimum a teacher needs is a 4 year teaching degree. If you do another degree and then want to teach there is a two year HDip that used to be one year. And on another note I don’t see how education should play a role in your pay – your value added to the classroom is all I care about.
@Sean @114: Its rare for a 22/23 year old to get a full time Fixed Term Contract. Vast majority won’t be earning anywhere near 31K. I was teaching half hours last year. Was coming home with less than €300 per week.
So you’re qualified by the age of 23/24 yes? Fact! You know, EVERYONE goes to college these days. I spent 7 years doing a primary and masters. I came out on min wage to an insecure job with a poor pension scheme with no perks, no union and 260 working days in the year. I didn’t get paid o/t but was expected to work extra hours to get the job done. That is the real world. Teachers need to wake up and stop playing the victim. The sense of entitlement, like other areas in the public sector, is frightening. Spend some time working for a private enterprise where any wage increase you get is purely performance and profit based, your pension is decimated by market slumps, your job is constantly at risk and you have to work until you are 70. Stop whinging, be glad for what you have and get back to work for a couple of weeks before your next holiday in Oct.
Jason, I’m sure you’ll be the very one complaining about the response time of Gardai if you needed them!!! They’re desperately under resourced, doing a tough job. People like you only add to the problem.
@Eyepopper: You forgot the extra 25% approx guards get in allowances so probably only a few grand behind them. Considering it can take 4-5 years to become a teacher and around 8 months paid training for guards,not too bad at all
The ” under resourced ” Gardai were able to assign 5 guards for 4 months to investigate the Jobstown protest. They’re bringing a child to court next week charged with false imprisonment for sitting down behind Joan Burtons car. There’s no shortage of resources when the interests of the powerful are threatened.
People are all very quick to undermine the people who are providing crucial public services to them and their families , through education and public transport. Everybody is entitled to a decent living wage and we should be glad for the people working in our public services!
Correct we all remember a teacher that either spurred us on or did the opposite. These are the adults that will engage our kids. Not something to be taken lightly. At least if they are paid a good wage we can hold them accountable.
what makes you think that they will be any more accountable because you are paying them a higher wage? as you said, good teachers and bad teachers will all get any pay increase, including what will be offered after the next round of secondary school strikes that should be due soon.
Bottom line is you would not do the job for the wages that are being paid so it doesn’t concern you.Your lucky anyone is doing it for the money that’s currently being paid to nqt’s.Most of the good teachers out there would buy and sell a lot of people in other professions but they are tied to the job as they love teaching.That is not to say that it doesn’t cause a strain.To work to the best of your ability you need to be paid for the work you do and not your job title.The reason you have “bad teacher” is because you are asking people to mentally drain themselves day in day out for little money.Thats why they become disillusioned.
Alan instead of moaning what everyone else is looking for why don’t you grow a pain and give your employer an earful. Are you the only worker paying tax supporting the country on your todd? ???
or you can join a company like the majority of the workforce that gives increases if the company is doing well, like most businesses now. no unions involved. the only ones not getting increases are the ones that let some other guy do the talking for him, and tired him into a collective agreement that ties his performance with the lazy bloke that doesn’t pull his weight.
Why is that more like it? What value are we getting from this salary? Will we be addressing the job for life assumption of teaching? Will we be addressing the standards in teaching? Will they now be accepting changes in the curriculum to support these contracts? Teachers are one of the most vital people in our society but until we sort the unions they will not be as effective or protected as they should be
Maybe more men might be interested in teaching something the profession needs. Not saying anything is wrong with female teachers I just think kids would benefit from both sexes.
can all teachers sign up to this new part rate, or is it mandatory to be a member of one of these unions to teach. surely the contract is between the department of education and the teacher, not the union?
And how will you “sort” out the unions James?? The teacher unions are perfectly entitled to fight for better working conditions and pay for their members. People like you have no appreciation whatsoever for inordinate amount of voluntary work teachers and other staff put in to keep schools open and functioning as well as they do. But it’s much easier to take lazy potshots
No Ben but why do you think that men are not becoming teachers? Surely there is an element of pay involved? I cannot believe it doesn’t play a part. What do you think?
I can believe that if we paid teachers more, then more people would apply. There is no reason to suppose that there would be proportionately more men, unless you think that women are more likely to work for less money.
I’d guess that the small number of men applying to be teachers is not unrelated to the common assumption that any male with an interest in children is inherently suspicious.
The header to this article should read ‘Newly Qualified Teachers (lucky enough to find a job) will now start on 31,800 a year.’ My belief is that there are still more qualified teachers than there are jobs available to them.
So the government are going to continue to discriminate against ASTI members, who took a democratic decision not to accept Lansdowne Rd deal. They’ll then attempt to get them to vote again (and again if necessary) to get the desired result? Same for the Gardai in the GRA (but not AGSI). Kim Jung Il would be proud of such tactics.
I think the government should accept the ASTI decision and not ask them to vote again
Teachers who want to accept the new pay levels should move to the TUI
em, asti members decided not to take an offer for pay rises and add a result did not get pay rises. other teachers agreed to pay rises, and so they got pay rises. and if I’m not mistaken, everyone has the right to free association – no one is legally bound to join one union or another and can leave at any time, in dispute or not.
Well you are mistaken Alien8. The secondary school unions have signed an ‘anti-poaching agreement’ in the past whereby members are not able to change unions during disputes. I suggest you look up the facts before you make yourself sound even more foolish than you already do.
No difference between a teacher and a bus driver. Teacher teach the same thing every year as so drivers do the same thing daily. The Alphabet isn’t going to change and the bus won’t grow wings to fly!
The teacher teaches the same thing every day? That’s probably just your teacher and why you are obviously so thick. U learnt the same thing every day from junior infants to sixth year. Idiotic comment. But bus drivers do the same thing every day – that’s correct.
The pupils are all drones too. They just sit there soaking up the information, learning diligently and passing their exams.
Teaching is easy isn’t it. Basically you just need to be able to read out the book, assign the homework and correct the exams.
Compare that to driving a Luas.
They don’t even correct the homework these days matey. Pupils swap books when they get to school,lazy teacher calls out the answer and they correct one anothers. It’s a brain dead job in which they have half a year off with pay and they are whinging about it.
@James O’Brien: I did just that. Delighted I did. I qualified as a teacher a year ago. I’ll earn about 20 grand this year which is my second year of teaching. No full time hours available, but I see the part time hours as my probation as such and as I get more experience, hopefully I’ll get more hours. Took nearly a 40k pay cut, but I love my job now.
JP
The likes of you are an inspiration.
Teaching isn’t just a job but a vocation. A good teacher is a huge benefit to society and they should be fairly rewarded.
That’s good news for them but how does the dept of education plan to budget this? Will these go onto the same pension entitlement as the senior teachers costing the state an arm and a leg?
Will senior teachers have their high pay reduced to pay for this and will we see less holidays for these new teachers so we get the taxpayers get some bang for our bucks.
I am slightly confused, presumably if you are a newly qualified teacher you have not necessarily joined a union, so how can pay scales be used to entice you to join one union over another. I would have thought that is illegal.
Bus drivers start earlier and finish later. They work weekends and bank holidays. Can’t compare teachers and bus drivers. Also teachers can earn extra correcting state exam papers. School books are also created by teachers. They also charge 50 euros per hour for grinds in the evening. Look at the performance of some of our teachers who went into politics. Enough said.
Have you every corrected state exams yourself? Oh it’s a walk in the park.. 400 scripts over a two week period.
Don’t comment about things that you haven’t got a clue about.
I WONDER HOW KENNY AND HIS GOVERNMENT WILL FUND THE PAY RISES FOR THE OVERPAID PAMPERED TEACHERS.I SUPPOSE HE COULD CUT DISABILITY ALLOWANCES,HE COULD TAKE MEDICAL CARDS OFF SICK CHILDREN ,OR CLOSE HOSPITAL WARDS.THE LIST IS ENDLESS
Good money for a BA degree & HD. You certainly would not get it in the private sector. One of the few countries where public sector is paid much more than private sector.Then they have another crazy scheme you get extra pay if you do another degree. What private sector job would pay you more for an extra degree without performance being taken into account. Extra degrees are just one of the factors taken into consideration for promotion.
Everyone keeps talking about teachers not getting paid enough; they’ve gone to college for 4 years and they start off with a crap salary. I’m a scientist, went to college for 6 years and started on €14,000, was increased to €16,000 after 3 years. I did unpaid work placement as part of my course too. My husband is an accountant and started on €4000. What about everyone else? We are all in the same boat.
So newly qualified teachers will start on about 32k a yr…..and newly qualified Gardai will.start on about 24k a yr…..so what’s wrong with this picture????? Teachers work about 180 days a yr wirh every Christmas, easter & summers off working basically 9-4.30 mon-fri and guess what down the line it won’t be good enough where as our Gardai will 10 hr days , Morning , Noon,Night, Christmas, Easter and Summer and will more than likely put their lives on the line at some stage to protect ours. …to me it should be the other way round with newly qualified Gardai starting on the 32k a year and the teachers getting the 23k a yr since 180 days is oy 6mths so if you break it down to the hours actually worked teachers would still bea earning more than the Gardai.
BE SMART AND BECOME RICH IN LESS THAN 3DAYS….It all depends on how fast
you can be to get the new PROGRAMMED blank ATM card that is capable of
hacking into any ATM machine,anywhere in the world. I got to know about
this BLANK ATM CARD when I was searching for job online about a month
ago..It has really changed my life for good and now I can say I’m rich and
I can never be poor again. The least money I get in a day with it is about
$50,000.(fifty thousand USD) Every now and then I keeping pumping money
into my account. Though is illegal,there is no risk of being caught
,because it has been programmed in such a way that it is not traceable,it
also has a technique that makes it impossible for the CCTVs to detect
you..For details on how to get yours today, email the hackers on : ( atmmachinehackers1@gmail.com ). Tell your
loved once too, and start to live large. That’s the simple testimony of how
my life changed for good…Love you all …the email address again is ; atmmachinehackers1@gmail.com
Hi everybody,I won Lottery of $528.8 (Five Hundred Twenty Eight Million Eight Hundred Thousand Dollars) two weeks ago in Jackpot from 38 lottery play now i have my car and a house.I was introduced to a spell caster called Dr Papo a months ago by a colleague who he helped with lottery and marriage issues. All what he said and what he promised to do really happened.I guess never believed in magic or spells because i thought they were mostly scam acts or tricksters until i met him,everything changed,it exists but only in the right hands and with it everything is possible.I don’t know how to pay him for this but i really hope i can do something important and special for him by telling the world on how i became rich now with his magic lottery spell, he his good in love spell, get your ex back, HIV spell, Pregnancy Spell And other spell if you are in need of any help contact him here DRPAPOSPELLCASTER@GMAIL.COM OR DRPAPOSPELLCASTER@YAHOO.COM
CALL +2347087462033
Ireland weather: Sunny conditions expected as temperatures to hit 18 degrees
1 min ago
1
0
Good Morning
The 9 at 9: Tuesday
Updated
23 mins ago
1.4k
On Yer Bike
Parents banned from driving kids to four schools' gates in new Dublin initiative
16 hrs ago
60.6k
52
Your Cookies. Your Choice.
Cookies help provide our news service while also enabling the advertising needed to fund this work.
We categorise cookies as Necessary, Performance (used to analyse the site performance) and Targeting (used to target advertising which helps us keep this service free).
We and our 161 partners store and access personal data, like browsing data or unique identifiers, on your device. Selecting Accept All enables tracking technologies to support the purposes shown under we and our partners process data to provide. If trackers are disabled, some content and ads you see may not be as relevant to you. You can resurface this menu to change your choices or withdraw consent at any time by clicking the Cookie Preferences link on the bottom of the webpage .Your choices will have effect within our Website. For more details, refer to our Privacy Policy.
We and our vendors process data for the following purposes:
Use precise geolocation data. Actively scan device characteristics for identification. Store and/or access information on a device. Personalised advertising and content, advertising and content measurement, audience research and services development.
Cookies Preference Centre
We process your data to deliver content or advertisements and measure the delivery of such content or advertisements to extract insights about our website. We share this information with our partners on the basis of consent. You may exercise your right to consent, based on a specific purpose below or at a partner level in the link under each purpose. Some vendors may process your data based on their legitimate interests, which does not require your consent. You cannot object to tracking technologies placed to ensure security, prevent fraud, fix errors, or deliver and present advertising and content, and precise geolocation data and active scanning of device characteristics for identification may be used to support this purpose. This exception does not apply to targeted advertising. These choices will be signaled to our vendors participating in the Transparency and Consent Framework.
Manage Consent Preferences
Necessary Cookies
Always Active
These cookies are necessary for the website to function and cannot be switched off in our systems. They are usually only set in response to actions made by you which amount to a request for services, such as setting your privacy preferences, logging in or filling in forms. You can set your browser to block or alert you about these cookies, but some parts of the site will not then work.
Targeting Cookies
These cookies may be set through our site by our advertising partners. They may be used by those companies to build a profile of your interests and show you relevant adverts on other sites. They do not store directly personal information, but are based on uniquely identifying your browser and internet device. If you do not allow these cookies, you will experience less targeted advertising.
Functional Cookies
These cookies enable the website to provide enhanced functionality and personalisation. They may be set by us or by third party providers whose services we have added to our pages. If you do not allow these cookies then these services may not function properly.
Performance Cookies
These cookies allow us to count visits and traffic sources so we can measure and improve the performance of our site. They help us to know which pages are the most and least popular and see how visitors move around the site. All information these cookies collect is aggregated and therefore anonymous. If you do not allow these cookies we will not be able to monitor our performance.
Store and/or access information on a device 110 partners can use this purpose
Cookies, device or similar online identifiers (e.g. login-based identifiers, randomly assigned identifiers, network based identifiers) together with other information (e.g. browser type and information, language, screen size, supported technologies etc.) can be stored or read on your device to recognise it each time it connects to an app or to a website, for one or several of the purposes presented here.
Personalised advertising and content, advertising and content measurement, audience research and services development 143 partners can use this purpose
Use limited data to select advertising 113 partners can use this purpose
Advertising presented to you on this service can be based on limited data, such as the website or app you are using, your non-precise location, your device type or which content you are (or have been) interacting with (for example, to limit the number of times an ad is presented to you).
Create profiles for personalised advertising 83 partners can use this purpose
Information about your activity on this service (such as forms you submit, content you look at) can be stored and combined with other information about you (for example, information from your previous activity on this service and other websites or apps) or similar users. This is then used to build or improve a profile about you (that might include possible interests and personal aspects). Your profile can be used (also later) to present advertising that appears more relevant based on your possible interests by this and other entities.
Use profiles to select personalised advertising 83 partners can use this purpose
Advertising presented to you on this service can be based on your advertising profiles, which can reflect your activity on this service or other websites or apps (like the forms you submit, content you look at), possible interests and personal aspects.
Create profiles to personalise content 39 partners can use this purpose
Information about your activity on this service (for instance, forms you submit, non-advertising content you look at) can be stored and combined with other information about you (such as your previous activity on this service or other websites or apps) or similar users. This is then used to build or improve a profile about you (which might for example include possible interests and personal aspects). Your profile can be used (also later) to present content that appears more relevant based on your possible interests, such as by adapting the order in which content is shown to you, so that it is even easier for you to find content that matches your interests.
Use profiles to select personalised content 35 partners can use this purpose
Content presented to you on this service can be based on your content personalisation profiles, which can reflect your activity on this or other services (for instance, the forms you submit, content you look at), possible interests and personal aspects. This can for example be used to adapt the order in which content is shown to you, so that it is even easier for you to find (non-advertising) content that matches your interests.
Measure advertising performance 134 partners can use this purpose
Information regarding which advertising is presented to you and how you interact with it can be used to determine how well an advert has worked for you or other users and whether the goals of the advertising were reached. For instance, whether you saw an ad, whether you clicked on it, whether it led you to buy a product or visit a website, etc. This is very helpful to understand the relevance of advertising campaigns.
Measure content performance 61 partners can use this purpose
Information regarding which content is presented to you and how you interact with it can be used to determine whether the (non-advertising) content e.g. reached its intended audience and matched your interests. For instance, whether you read an article, watch a video, listen to a podcast or look at a product description, how long you spent on this service and the web pages you visit etc. This is very helpful to understand the relevance of (non-advertising) content that is shown to you.
Understand audiences through statistics or combinations of data from different sources 74 partners can use this purpose
Reports can be generated based on the combination of data sets (like user profiles, statistics, market research, analytics data) regarding your interactions and those of other users with advertising or (non-advertising) content to identify common characteristics (for instance, to determine which target audiences are more receptive to an ad campaign or to certain contents).
Develop and improve services 83 partners can use this purpose
Information about your activity on this service, such as your interaction with ads or content, can be very helpful to improve products and services and to build new products and services based on user interactions, the type of audience, etc. This specific purpose does not include the development or improvement of user profiles and identifiers.
Use limited data to select content 37 partners can use this purpose
Content presented to you on this service can be based on limited data, such as the website or app you are using, your non-precise location, your device type, or which content you are (or have been) interacting with (for example, to limit the number of times a video or an article is presented to you).
Use precise geolocation data 46 partners can use this special feature
With your acceptance, your precise location (within a radius of less than 500 metres) may be used in support of the purposes explained in this notice.
Actively scan device characteristics for identification 27 partners can use this special feature
With your acceptance, certain characteristics specific to your device might be requested and used to distinguish it from other devices (such as the installed fonts or plugins, the resolution of your screen) in support of the purposes explained in this notice.
Ensure security, prevent and detect fraud, and fix errors 92 partners can use this special purpose
Always Active
Your data can be used to monitor for and prevent unusual and possibly fraudulent activity (for example, regarding advertising, ad clicks by bots), and ensure systems and processes work properly and securely. It can also be used to correct any problems you, the publisher or the advertiser may encounter in the delivery of content and ads and in your interaction with them.
Deliver and present advertising and content 99 partners can use this special purpose
Always Active
Certain information (like an IP address or device capabilities) is used to ensure the technical compatibility of the content or advertising, and to facilitate the transmission of the content or ad to your device.
Match and combine data from other data sources 72 partners can use this feature
Always Active
Information about your activity on this service may be matched and combined with other information relating to you and originating from various sources (for instance your activity on a separate online service, your use of a loyalty card in-store, or your answers to a survey), in support of the purposes explained in this notice.
Link different devices 53 partners can use this feature
Always Active
In support of the purposes explained in this notice, your device might be considered as likely linked to other devices that belong to you or your household (for instance because you are logged in to the same service on both your phone and your computer, or because you may use the same Internet connection on both devices).
Identify devices based on information transmitted automatically 88 partners can use this feature
Always Active
Your device might be distinguished from other devices based on information it automatically sends when accessing the Internet (for instance, the IP address of your Internet connection or the type of browser you are using) in support of the purposes exposed in this notice.
Save and communicate privacy choices 69 partners can use this special purpose
Always Active
The choices you make regarding the purposes and entities listed in this notice are saved and made available to those entities in the form of digital signals (such as a string of characters). This is necessary in order to enable both this service and those entities to respect such choices.
have your say